The Ohio State University Pressbooks Catalog

Despite growing polarization across the country, Americans continue to trust their local leaders.

Local leaders – beginning with public officials but importantly including individuals from business and service organizations, bar associations, civil rights groups, religious institutions, youth organizations, and the like – can take advantage of that trust to help residents enhance relationships across differences and promote collaboration in the face of division. That community resiliency can significantly help reduce the likelihood of violence when conflicts divide the community. And, when conflict threatens to diminish residents’ trust of each other and with leadership, leaders’ choices can help preserve it.

Preparation ahead of conflict matters. Communities that invest in building resilience are better equipped to navigate conflict. Residents tend to treat each other with greater respect. In today’s environment, conflicts can escalate in minutes, not days. Community members urgently seeking information often trust the first source they encounter, making timely and credible communication essential. Leaders who have prepared contingent responses to crises are better equipped to help avert tragedy and support understanding across differences.

This guide offers practical strategies to help local leaders strengthen community resilience and prepare for moments when conflict may escalate into crisis. It affirms the value of leaders modeling a constructive tone that does not dismiss differing viewpoints but welcomes them and fosters an atmosphere where their expression can occur safely and respectfully. Similarly, the guide’s suggested planning practices support leaders listening broadly and efficiently to the expression of community concerns – not dilute those voices – and then respond concretely and visibly; this approach often reduces the likelihood that residents will escalate their actions in ways that could harm the community, endanger lives, or leave lasting bitterness.

Each chapter of this guide outlines potential strategies and includes real world illustrations, tools leaders can use constructively during times of crisis and calm. A comprehensive checklist at the end provides a quick reference to key ideas. An appendix lists additional resources.

Key checklists which summarize this guidance are available here.

Theories and Biological Basis of Substance Misuse Part 1 (2019) is an OER coursebook applying a biopsychosocial lens for educating an interdisciplinary professional workforce to identify, understand, and address problems related to substance use, substance misuse, and substance use disorders. These materials were developed using a variety of published sources and online materials, including resources produced by U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), as well as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Routledge Handbook of Social Work and Addictive Behavior (2020), edited by A.L. Begun and M.M. Murray. A total of 6 modules are presented in this Part 1 coursebook; an additional 7 modules specific to different types of substances, co-occurring problems, prescription and over-the-counter substance misuse, and pharmacotherapy strategies appear in Theories and Biological Basis of Substance Misuse Part 2 (2020).

Each module begins with a brief introduction of the topic and list of reading objectives and concludes with a Module Summary, a linked “Key Terms” section, and full reference citations list. Content for each module is organized into a set of chapters, some of which involve linking to outside reading resources, and various “Stop and Think” interactive activities. The coursebook can be used interactively in the online environment or can be downloaded as pdf files but the learning activities will no longer be interactive. The coursebook contents are relevant for social work, psychology, sociology, criminal justice, medicine/nursing/allied health, education, and other professional or disciplinary education purposes. An example course syllabus for use in social work education is presented as an Appendix.

The modules presented in Theories and Biological Basis of Substance Misuse Part 1 include:

Module 1—Introduction

• Ch. 1: Background Facts & Figures
• Ch. 2: Brief History of Substance Use & Policy Responses in the U.S.
• Ch. 3: Considering the Language We Use

Module 2—Key Definitions, Diagnostic Criteria, Classification of Substances, & Trending Topics

• Ch. 1: Key Definitions & Diagnostic Criteria
• Ch. 2: Classification Systems for Different Types of Substances
• Ch. 3: Trending Topics

Module 3—Biological Models and Substance Misuse, Pharmacokinetics & Psychopharmacology Principles

• Ch. 1: Genetic Influences
• Ch. 2: Neurobiology & Substance Use
• Ch. 3: Basic Pharmacokinetic and Psychopharmacology Principles

Module 4—Psychological Models of Substance Misuse

• Ch. 1: Cognitive & Learning Theories
• Ch. 2: Developmental Theories
• Ch. 3: Theories of the Psyche
• Ch. 4: Expectancies & Cravings

Module 5—Social Context & Physical Environment Models of Substance Misuse

• Ch. 1: Social Contexts & Physical Environments
• Ch. 2: Family as a Social Context
• Ch. 3: Peer Groups as Social Context

Module 6—Theory Integration, Transtheoretical Model, and Vulnerability/Risk/Resilience/Protective Factors in Substance Misuse

• Ch. 1: Theory Integration and Prevention
• Ch. 2: Prevention & the Continuum of Care
• Ch. 3: Theory Integration in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavioral Change

Chapters cover developing research questions, understanding types of sources, searching for information, evaluating sources, and avoiding plagiarism. Each chapter includes self-quizzes and activities to reinforce core concepts and help you apply them.

This text, The Cause and Consequence of Human Trafficking: Human Rights Violations, is intended to convey the importance of understanding how the violation of human rights is a cause and consequence of human trafficking. In other words, human rights violations are egregious and they compound destitution.  They deprive the man, woman and child of their basic humanity. Whenever any dimension of one’s humanity is deprived, it puts the person in a compromised state.  Compromised states lead to some degree of impairment, distress or suffering. Impairment, distress or suffering leads to a disequilibrium in a person’s life. In an effort to quiet that compromised state, the individual may unknowingly make decisions that further compromises his or her state of being or result in human trafficking.

This book will allow the medical  learner to identify and acknowledge bias in the medical setting through the eyes of patients, medical professionals, and content experts who discuss their experiences with this subject. Learners  will use self-assessment via the Implicit Bias Test created by Harvard University’s Project Implicit, and reflection through knowledge checks, to solidify learning.  It is written in dedication to our future medical professionals and patients we care for with the hopes of cultivating compassion through self-knowledge and awareness.

The “Flipped Classroom” model of instruction has generated discussion around the world of education. Numerous articles have been written documenting experiences surrounding this method of teaching. The one piece that has been missing from this discussion is a sound framework to design a “Flipped” course using proven design principles. Instructional Design provides a proven framework to design all types of instruction and these principles can be used to design a “Flipped” course. This book introduces the “Flipped Classroom” model of instruction and Instructional Design framework. Using this background, a method to “Flip” a course using sound Instructional Design principles is outlined. This book is the textbook for the iTunes U Course, Flipped Through Design. This book contains all of the course content, however the course provides activities to guide the design process of “Flipping” a course using Instructional Design.

The study of the history of CGI (computer generated imagery) is an important part of understanding  the evolution of our discipline of computer graphics and allows us to gain a respect for the key developments that have brought us to the present state. The discipline is so recent in its early developments and continues to rapidly change and evolve. This book presents the capabilities and qualities inherent in software, hardware, animation techniques, etc. that are part of the broad, contemporary, and creative computer graphics environment. It was developed in an effort to not only record these important points in our history, but to collect in one place the appropriate stories, links, examples and other work of the many computer professionals, artists, industry experts, animation and production personnel, and institutions that have made the discipline what it is today.

Throughout this eBook, the authors not only examine theories of innovation adoption and propose guidelines for learning designers to understand change, but, more importantly, they also analyze, problematize, and critique real innovations in practice. They write about concrete strategies to face and handle change, and adoption and diffusion of innovation in today’s organizations. This eBook offers a thoughtful account of the drivers and factors that lead educational change in different contexts, groups, and networks.

Emerging Perspectives on Religious and Environmental Values in America (EPREVA) is a student-written textbook put together by students in Dr. Greg Hitzhusen’s course, Religion and Environmental Values in America (ENR 3470). Originally written as term papers for the course, each chapter contains a different author’s unique exploration of an intersection between religion and environment. From personal reflections on finding spirituality in nature, to musings on art, history, and technology through religious and environmental lenses, this textbook captures a wide array of experiences and viewpoints. We hope you are able to connect with some of these “emerging perspectives” and walk away with a new appreciation for how religious and environmental values interact with the ever-changing landscape of our world today.