Selected Antimicrobial Information – Equine
Gentamicin [Equine]
Restriction Status
Unrestricted
Dose
| Species | Usage | Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Horses |
For susceptible infections in adult horses | 6.6mg/kg IV q24h (extra-label use) |
| For susceptible infections in foals <2wks | 12mg/kg IV q36h (extra-label use) | |
| For susceptible infections in foals >2wks | 6.6mg/kg IV q24h (extra-label use) | |
| For susceptible uterine infections | 2.0-2.5g diluted in 200-500mL sterile 0.9% NaCl, infused into the uterus q24h for 3-5d during estrus | |
| For regional limb perfusion | 1g or 1/3 the systemic dose diluted to 30-60 ml with sterile 0.9% saline |
Brand Name(s)
Gentocin®, Garamycin®
Background
Gentamicin is a bactericidal, concentration-dependent aminoglycoside antibiotic with efficacy primarily against Gram-negative aerobic organisms, and some Gram-positive aerobes such as Staphylococcus spp. Gentamicin is not effective against anaerobic bacteria. Distribution is throughout the extracellular fluid, and penetration into cells and tissues is poor. Excretion is primarily in urine. There is a significant post-antibiotic effect.
Acceptable Uses
- Used in combination with a β-lactam, provides broad-spectrum coverage for treatment of pleuropneumonia, septic arthritis, or osteomyelitis.
- Treatment of streptococcal and non-enteric Gram-negative infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Treatment of septic arthritis or other localized infections when used in antibiotic-impregnated polymethylacrylate beads, intra-articular injections, or regional limb perfusion.
- As an alternative to amikacin.
Unacceptable Uses
- Inactivated in the presence of purulent or necrotic material (e.g. abscesses).
- Anaerobic infections.
Formulations Available within the OSU Pharmacy
- Gentamicin 100mg/ml injectable suspension
- Gentamicin Sulfate 100mg/ml intrauterine infusion suspension
Notes
- Nephrotoxicity (acute tubular nephrosis) is a significant side effect that can be avoided by following dosing recommendations, minimizing duration of therapy, maintaining hydration status of patient, minimizing concurrent use of nephrotoxic drugs, and seeking alternative antimicrobial treatment in patients with pre-existing renal disease. Therapeutic drug monitoring can help optimize dosing and minimize trough concentration to help avoid nephrotoxicity.
