Selected Antimicrobial Information – Farm Animal
Isoniazid* [Farm Animal]
Restriction Status
*Isoniazid has a “selectively use” status within the OSU-VMC. Therefore, this antibiotic should NOT be used as empirical or first-line treatment. Rather, it should only be used when other agents are inappropriate or ineffective, and culture/sensitivity results indicate that isoniazid is effective against the pathogen.
Dose
| Species | Usage | Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Camelids | Label dose | 10 mg/kg PO q24h, a 30d treatment regimen has been recommended in camelids |
| Cattle | Label dose | 10 mg/kg PO q24h |
| Small Ruminants | Label dose | 10 mg/kg PO q24h |
| Swine | Label dose | No labeled dose. |
Brand Name(s)
N/A
Background
Isoniazid is a time-dependent anti-mycobacterial antimicrobial with in vitro bactericidal activity against rapidly-dividing mycobacteria in the growing phase, and bacteriostatic activity against slowly-dividing mycobacteria. In vivo efficacy is uncertain. Because of the importance of isoniazid as a treatment for human tuberculosis, use of isoniazid is controversial in animals. Pharmacokinetics are poorly understood in animals, but in humans, isoniazid is widely distributed, including into the CNS and caseous material. Elimination is through hepatic metabolism, and inactive metabolites are excreted into the urine.
Current Uses within OSU-VMC
- Treatment of Actinomyces sp., Actinobacillus sp., or chronic abscesses.
Contraindicated Uses
- Has been suggested for management of Johne’s Disease (Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis) in animals of particular financial or sentimental value. This is not recommended since it is not a curative treatment.
Illegal Uses
- None
Formulations Available within the OSU Pharmacy
- Isoniazid 300mg tablet
Notes
- Commonly used to treat lumpy jaw (Actinomyces bovis) and wooden tongue (Actinobacillus lignieresii).
